Method of attaching a rim to a cylinder



July 20, 1965 c. ER 3,195,426

METHOD OF ATTACHING A RIM TO A CYLINDER Filed Feb. 25, 1963 5 Sheets-Sheet l IN V EN TOR.

A TTOKNEYZF' July 20, 1965 IN VEN TOR. 60mm 6. Bean? 19 TTORNEKS' G. C.BAUER 5 SheetsSheet 3 INVENTOR. RHLO 6. Sm/5R BY July 20, 1965 I METHODOF ATTACHING A RIM TO A CYLINDER Filed Feb. 25, 1965 July 20, 1965 e. c.BAUER METHOD OF ATTACHING A RIM TO A CYLINDER Filed Feb. 25, 1963 5Sheets-She et 4 Mam WW; W k C a w W WA July 20, 1965 G. c. BAUER METHODOF ATTAGHING A RIM TO A CYLINDER Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR. 05mm 0 BAUERIII'IIIII! Filed Feb. 25, 1963 United States Patent 3,195,426 METHOD GEATTACHING A. RIM T A CYLINDER Gerald C. Bauer, Portage Township,Kalamazoo County,

Mich, assignor to Ceilu-Kote, Inc, Schoolcraft, Mich a corporation ofMichigan Filed Feb. 25, 1963, Ser. No. 261,941 Claims. (Cl. 93-39.1)

This application is a continuation-in-part of my application Serial No.177,006, filed March 2, 1962, now abandoned.

This invention relates to container structures and methods of makingsame and it relates more particularly to the interlocking of one end ofa fibrous, as paper, cylindrical container with a metallic containerend.

The broad concept of making the sides of a container from a fibrousmaterial, such as paper, and the end of the container from metal is veryold and a multitude of methods have been suggested for assembling suchsides and ends together. Some of these have involved spinning proceduresand others have involved the use of dies which move in a directionparallel with the axis of the container. However, the procedures thusfar developed have not, insofar as I am aware, provided a simplemechanism capable of use under field conditions and capable of use wherethe container sides are made of relatively light gauge material.

In the present instance, the invention has been developed for thespecific purpose of providing containers for the handling andtransporting of frozen foods, grease compositions and, in appropriatecases, asphalt. Such containers are of relatively large size and musthave a high degree of strength. Further, the conditions under whichmaterial is prepared and introduced into the containers are such thatthe containers are preferably delivered to the point of assembly andfilling in a flat condition. The containers are erected, assembled andfilled at such point, necessarily under field conditions. Thus, themechanism by which such assembly is carried out must be relativelysimple, capable of easy transportation and operable Without precisecontrol of the mechanical operations involved. This rules out manyassembly methods, such as spinning methods, which are well adapted onlyfor use under closely controlled conditions, such as in a factory.

A further problem with certain structures of the prior art is that themetallic parts used for the ends of the containers have upstanding rimsof one sort or another. These rims are often flared outwardly slightlyeither to enable them to nest better with each other or to enable arolling or spinning operation to be started more easily than would bethe case if they extended substantially perpendicularly to the plane ofthe end wall of the container. However, while this type of structure isconvenient as far as minimizing the space required for transporting suchends is concerned, the ends often adhere together with such force thatit is extremely difficult to separate them for use, particularly wheresuch separation is done by hand under field assembly conditions. In somecases it has been impossible to separate the ends from each otherwithout inflicting such damage to one or more of them as to render themunfit for use. Such separation, at the least, is inconvenient and timeconsuming and, in many cases, results in a substantial loss due todamaged parts.

Further, after the containers are filled they often are moved by rollingsame on their lower edges. Accordingly, it is desirable that theassembly method, and resulting product, be such that a metallic rim isprovided along the lower edge of the container so that such rolling canbe carried out with a minimum of effort on the part of the workman andat the same time with a minimum likeli- 3,195,426 Patented July 20, 1965hood of damage to the container. It is further desirable that suchassembly method, and resulting product, although designed primarily forthe assembly of the side of the container to the bottom thereof, also bereadily adaptable by only simple modifications to the application of ametallic top to the container.

While the packaging of frozen foods, etc. under field conditions hasbeen set forth above as illustrating the specific need out of which thepresent invention arose, it will be recognized that such specificexample is for illustrative purposes only and that the containerstructure and assembly procedure of the present invention can be usedadvantageously for a wide variety of purposes.

Accordingly, the major objects of the invention include the following:

(1) To provide a method for assembling a container, in which a cylinderof fibrous material which constitutes the sides of the container isassembled with a metallic end.

(2) To provide a method for assembling the container, as aforesaid, inwhich the said sides and end of the container are rolled together intoan intimate and leak-proof relationship with each other.

(3) To provide a method for assembling a container, as aforesaid,whereby the container can be assembled from parts which are shipped inflat condition.

(4) To provide a method for assembling a container, as aforesaid, inwhich the blank from which the end of the container is formed can bemade without a flared rim so that it will not nest appreciably whenstacked with similar ends and will, accordingly, not adhere to otherends when it is being separated for use.

(5) To provide a method for assembling a container, as aforesaid, whichcan be effectively performed under field conditions by readily portableequipment.

(6) To provide a method for assembling a container, as aforesaid, whichprovides a metal rim along an end edge of the container whereby thecontainer may be rolled on same with a minimum likelihood that damage tothe container will result therefrom.

(7) To provide a method for assembling a container, as aforesaid, whichcan by only slight modifications also be made applicable to applyingcovers to the container.

Other objects and purposes of the invention will be apparent to personsacquainted with devices of this general sort upon reading the followingspecification and inspecting the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings:

FIGURE 1 is an elevational view, partially broken away, of the bottomportion of a container construction in accordance with the invention,said container being shown in an inverted position.

FIGURE 2 is an enlarged, fragmentary, sectional view of the parts whichare to be assembled to form a container, together with the importantworking parts of the assembly apparatus, the same being in a positionimmediately prior to the actual assembly procedure.

FIGURE 2a is a fragmentary, sectional view through the edge portion ofthe closure member as manufactured and before being assembled to thecontainer side wall.

FIGURE 3 is a view similar to FIGURE 2 showing the parts immediatelyafter the commencement of the assembly procedure.

FIGURE 4 is a view similar to FIGURE 2 showing the parts at a later timein the assembly procedure.

FIGURE 5 is a view similar to FIGURE 2 showing the parts substantiallyat the end of the assembly procedure.

FIGURE 6 is a view similar to a fragment of FIGURE 5 and showing afurther step of the assembly procedure.

FIGURE 7 is a fragmentary, sectional view of an assembled containershowing one kind of top which can be used therewith.

FIGURE 8 is a view similar to FIGURE 7 showing another kind of top.

FIGURE 9 is a view similar to FIGURE 7 showing 3 showing I FIGURE 14 isa View similar to FIGURE 11 showing I the parts substantially at the'endof the assembly procedure. V V

FIGURE 15 is an enlarged, fragmentary sectional view,

generally similar to FIGURE 10, of an alternate rim construction for thetop of a container together with some of the important parts ofanalternate assembly apparatus said closure member may be telescopedinto the cylinder as shown in FIGURE 2. It may be pushed down as far aspossible so that, as indicated at 14 in FIGURE 2., the upper. end of thecylinder 1 is turned slightly out wardly thereby. However, it is notessential that the closure member .2 be moved so far downwardly within 7the cylinder 1 that the turned-out portion 14 be formed.

In some cases, it may be preferable to telescope the closure member 2inside the'cylinder'l only so far that the upper edge of said cylinderis directly opposite the end of tip section II.

' A'base mandrel 16 is provided in a known manner to engage the baseWall 17 of the closure 2 and a clamp 18 V V .is' also provided in, aknown manner to engage the upper surface of said base wall whereby saidbase wall is firmly gripped between said mandrel and said clamp. Theoutside diameter of said cla-mp'18'is only a small clearance distanceless than the inside diameter of the base portion 7 so that said clampmay slip easily but construction, the, same being in'a positionimmediately 7 prior to the actual assembly procedure.

.FIGURE..16 is a view similar to FIGURE 15 showing the partssubstantially at the end of the assembly procedure. In carrying out theobjects and purposes above set forth, I have provided a containercomprised of a cylinder 1 of fibrous material, such as paper, and ametallic closure member 2 which closes one end of said cylinder andwhich is connected to said cylinder by an interlock structure 3. Thecontainer is shown in an inverted position which is the normalpositionfor assembly;

The cylinder 1 may be made of any convenient fibrous material, of anydesired type or thickness, so long as the end portionthereof is capableof being. tightly curled upon itself as described in detail hereinbelow.For example, in one typical embodiment of the invention the cylinder 1is made'of kraft paper approximately .031

inch thick. i V

The closure member 2 is made of any convenient metal,

such as aluminum or steel, and the initial shape of the closure memberis shown in FIGURES 2 and 2a. The closure member 2 is comprised of abase wall 17 and an snugly into clamping position'on said base wall 17.

An annular rolling 'die19 encircles clamp'lS. The clamp 18 ismovableaxially with respect to the mandrel 16 in any convenient manner'byanysuitable means, not shown, and the annular rolling die 19 is likewisereciprocable with respect tothe mandrel 16 and the clamp "18 by anyconvenient means, also n'ot shown, as indicated by the arrows 21.Suitable means for reciprocating clamp 18 and die 19 are well known andunderstood by those skilled in the art and hence are not shown here.

Turning now to a more detailed examination of the annular rolling die19, said die has an axial end face which is shaped so as to have aradially inner surface 22, a

radially outer surface 28 and a semicircular intermediate surface 23.The inner surface 22 is made as narrow as possible consistent with thestrength of the material involved, the, width thereof in the particularembodiment here used to illustrate the invention, being of the order of0.015 inch. What would otherwise be asharp corner at the:intersection ofsurface 22 and surface 23 is rounded slightly at 24. The surface. 23 issemicircular, the center thereof being indicated at 26 on the'construction line27 extending between the surface '22 and the surfaceupstanding rim generally indicated at 6'. The upstanding rim 6 has asubstantially cylindrical base portion :7 which extends substantiallyperpendicularly from the plane of the base wall 17. The rim 6 alsohas aprerolled edge portion 8. The edge portion -8 includes an arcuateintermediate section 9rwhich extends outwardly from the upper end ofbaseportion 7 and which is curved through i an arc of close to 180 sothat its outer end is. opposed to and spaced laterally from said upperend of base portion 7. The edge portion 8 also includes an arcuate'tipsection ll which extends from the outer end of section 9 back toward thebase portion 7. The tip section; 11 is curved on a smallerradius thanthe portion 9'and is curved through an arc of slightly greaterv than 90.

Thus, a line 12 which istangent to the outer surface of.

tip portion 11 at the inner end thereof defines with the outer surface13 of the base portion 7 an included angle which is close to butwhich isless than The inner end of tip section 11 is sp ced from the surface 13a distance 4 (FIGURE 2a) which is approximately twice the wall thicknessof the cylinder 1. In the'embodim ent here chosen for illustration,the'distance d is. equal to 0.068 inch, the radius of curvature oftheexternal surface of intermediate section ,9 is about, .093inch"andthe'base portion 7. of the a 28. The diameter of the semicircular surface 23is great-' or than the distanceX (FIGURE 2) in order to enable theportion 9 to move along thesurface-ZS in a rolling manner when the edge22, as hereinafter further described, moves axially between theupstanding base portion 7 and the clamp l In the present embodiment, thediameter of surface 23. is approximately .187 inch. Thesurface 28'is'"not critical and may be chosen as convenient to provide suflicientover-all strength, for the annular-die 19.

, Operation The importance of the above-described dimensionalrelationships further appears upon a tracing of the actions which takeplace during assembly of the cylinder 1 with the closure 2.

FIGURE 2 has already been above described and it shows the initialpositioning of the cylinder 1, the closure member 2, themandrel 16, theclamp 18 and the die 19. The die 19 is movedtoward the closure member 2,normally downwardly as the parts are" usually arranged and as shown inthe drawings,.and it presently occupies the position shown in FIGURE 3.Here the surface 22 has entered between the base portion 7 and, theouter surface ofthe' clampi18 and this tilts the upper end of cylinder 1and the base portion 7 radially outwardly. This outward tilting isfurther assisted by therounded edge 24 on the die 19. At this point theupper edge 14 of the cylinder 1 and the rim 6 of the closure member 2have not changed their shape appreciably.

" As the ,die19 is continued to be moved downwardly, it reaches aposition'as shown in FIGURE 4 wherein its edge 22 has moved asubstantial distance between the upstanding base portion 7 and the outerSurface of the clamp 18. The upper part of port-ion 7 and the radiallyinner part of intermediate section 9 engage the surface 23 and are bentto conform to the radius of curvature of said surface 23.

As the die 19 moves from the FIGURE 3 to the FIG- URE 4 position theupper end of the cylinder is caused to coil upon itself by the action ofthe intermediate section 9 and the upper part of portion 7 thereon asthey are bent by engagement with surface 23. The resistance of thecylinder 1 to such coiling urges the upper part of portion 7 and theradially inner part of said intermediate section 9 into engagement withthe surface 23. Thus, as the parts are moved from their FIGURE 3 totheir FIGURE 4 positions, the upper part of portion 7 and the radiallyinner part of intermediate section 9 will slide along the surface 23 andwill be deformed thereby by a die-shaping type of action. At the sametime the radially outer part of section 9 is turned back toward thecylinder 1 and the tip portion 11 is moved upwardly through an arc andis disposed, as shown in FIGURE 4, between opposing surfaces of thecylinder 1.

The die 19 continues downwardly until it reaches the position shown inFIGURE 5 wherein the assembly operation is shown as being substantiallycompleted. In this position, the surface 22 is moved to or slightlybeyond the bottom of the clamp 18. In so moving, the surface 23 bendsthe lowermost part of the base portion 7 outwardly and downwardly toform the bulge shown at 29 in FIGURE 5. The remainder of the baseportion 7 engages and conforms to the shape of surface 23. During thisfinal motion of the die 19, the intermediate section 9, the tip portion11 and the upper portion of the cylinder 1 are further rolled and coiledtogether to form the rigid interlock 3.

If desired, a final and further tightening of the relationship betweenthe upstanding base portion 7 and the adjacent portion of the cylinder 1may be provided as shown in FIGURE 6 by effecting a slight but stillfurther downward movement of the die 19 by which the surface 22 providesa substantial downward bulge indicated at 29a. This effects acompression of the wall of the cylinder 1 and increases theeffectiveness of the interlock.

Thus, in the finished container structure the closure member 2 isrigidly interlocked with the end of the cylinder 1. The rim portion 6and the end portion of the cylinder 1 therewithin are coiled uponthemselves so as to have a substantially spiral configuration and, aswill be apparent from FIGURE 5, such spiral has at least one full turn.Indeed the rim 6 has approximately one and one-half turns. The portion 7in the finished product defines a first, substantially semicircularportion, the section 9 defines a second, substantially semicircularportion which is curved back toward the cylinder 1 and which is curvedon a radius of curvature less than the radius of curvature of portion 7and the tip section 11 is curved through an arc of more than 90 awayfrom the cylinder 1 and on a radius of curvature less than the curvatureof intermediate section 9. The end portion of the cylinder 1 issimilarly curved and substantially completely fills the rim portion 6.

Modification The foregoing described parts contemplate the assembly of asingle, one-piece, closure member with the cylinder 1 and said closuremember normally is the bottom of a container. The same technique may beused in various ways, three of which are illustrated in FIGURES 7, 8 and9, for assembling the top of the container.

In FIGURE 7 the parts 7a, 9a and 11a of a cover mounting ring 31 areidentical with the corresponding parts 7, 9 and 11 abovedescribed. Theonly difference is that instead of there being a solid base wall 17filling the zone within said ring 31, the part 17:: is reversely curvedand has a downwardly extending flange 3d which firmly seats against thecylinder 1. The part 17:: provides a flange for the support of the covermember 32. Said cover member 32 has a central portion 33, an upstandingrim 34 and a rolled upper edge 36. Said upstanding rim 34 and the rolledupper rim 36 may be made in any convenient manner including, if desired,the technique above described in connection with rolling the upper edgeof the closure member 2.

In FIGURE 8, the parts 7b, 9b and 11b of the rim 37 again are identicalwith the corresponding parts 7, 9 and 11 above described. I-Iere,however, the inner portion of the part 7b is rolled as indicated at 38to provide a rim upon which to receive the cover. The cover may be ofthe form shown at 32 in FIGURE 7 or of the form shown at 39 in FIGURE 8.Referring to cover 39, the upstanding flange 41, corresponding to theflange 34 in FIGURE 7, is rolled inwardly at 42 as shown in order tocooperate with the lower end of a container made as shown in FIG- URE 1for stacking purposes. A reinforcing rib 43 may be provided in the cover39 if desired.

In FIGURE 9 the parts 7c, 9c and 11c of the rim 46 are identical withthe corresponding parts 7, 9 and 11 above described. The rim 46 has anintermediate flat wall portion 47 and a rolled, inner edge portion 48.The cover 51 includes a rolled edge portion 52 whose uppermost point isoffset upwardly a small distance, e.g., .125 inch, from the uppermostpoint on the rim 46. The cover 51 has a planar wall portion 53 which isof substantially the ame width as the diameter of the edge portion 48and which rests thereon. The cover also has a second wall portion 54which extends at an angle of slightly greater than to the wall portion53 so that it tapers slightly toward the opposite end thereof. The wallportion 54 is received within the rolled edge 52 and snugly engagessame. As a result of such engagement an intermediate part of the wallportion 54 is bulged inwardly as indicated at 56 so that the cover 51 issecurely but releasably engaged by the rim 46. The cover 51 has acentral wall portion 57 which closes off one end of the cylinder 1. Therolled edge portion 52 of the cover 51 is positioned so that anothercontainer can be stacked thereon, the other container being indicated atE in FIGURE 9.

In FIGURE 10 is shown a modification of the assembly apparatus whereinthe mandrel 16 and the clamp 18 have axially aligned, annular grooves 61and 62 on the opposite faces thereof adjacent the peripheries thereof,which grooves are substantially semicircular in cross section. When themandrel 16 and the plunger 18 are adjacent each other, the grooves 61and 62 mate and almost completely encircle the rolled edge portion 48 ofthe rim 46 while the die 19 is being moved to effect interlocking of thecylinder 1 and the remainder of said rim. This insures that the insidediameter of the rim 46 is uniform so that the cover 51 can snugly engagesame and effectively close off the end of the cylinder.

Alternate structure for container bottom Referring to FIGURE 11, afragment of an alternate container bottom closure member 1132 is shownpartially inserted into the open bottom end .of but not yet attached toan inverted container cylinder 101 which for purposes of illustrationmay be considered essentially similar to the cylinder 1 of FIGURES 1 and2. The closure member 192 may be of the same material as the closuremember 2 of FIGURE 1.- The closure memher 192 has a base wall 117 and arim portion 106 having a cylindrical base portion 107 extendingessentially perpendicularly upwardly from a bend 138 in the base wall117 to a prerolled edge portion 168. The prerolled edge portion 198extends outwardly through an angle of approximately 90 and at anexterior radius corresponding to that of the concave surface of anannular rolling die 119, said annular rolling die being in theembodiment illustrated identical to the die 9 of FIGURE 2. Because ofthe identical construction of said dies,

the same reference numerals with the suflix a added a dimensions will beunderstood to be illustrative only and not limiting.

As the annular rolling die 119 continues moving downwardly from itsposition .of FIGURE 12, it exerts an essentially continuous downward.force'on the edge portion 108 and the base portion 107 whereby thematerial I of the base wall 117 radially-outward of the bend 139 asgrindingwhereby the minimum thickness of the wall between the annulargroove 131 and the radially outer surface of the base mandrel 116 isincreased sufliciently that breakdown of said wall during normal usagewill 9 not occur.

In the embodiment here chosen for illustration, said minimum Width ofthe wall is approximately.

.010 inch whereby the distance'between the upper sur.

face of said wall and the upper surface of the mandrel 116 isapproximately .028 inch. A clamp mandrel 118 is received through therim'6 andrests upon thebase wall 117 of the closure member 102.. Thelower radial surface of the clamp mandrel 1 18 has an annularhemicircular groove 136 out therein adjacent the peripheral wallthereof. The radially outer wall of the groove 136 is reduced inaxial'extent as shown at 137 by any convenient means such as grinding sothat the minimum thickness of the -material between the groove 136 andthe outer surface of the peripheral wall of the clamp is movedessentially downwardly into conformity with the-surface of the groove131 (FIGURE 13) whereby an annular groove- 141 is formed in the basewall 117. During this process, somerelative movement takes place betweenthe stationary cylinder 101 and the downwardly moving base portion 107,which relative motion ceases when the material of the base wall .117radially outward.

.of th e bend 139 conforms to the surface of the groove 131.Simultaneously with or shortly after the reshaping of the base'wall 1.17as hereinabove described, continued downward movement of the rollingdie. 119 causes rela- I into'its position of FIGURE 13.

tive movement between the. rolling surface 23a of said die and thesurface of the rim106 whereby said rim is rolled Shortly after rollingof said rim commences. the rolling die .119 willmove downwardlypast thelevel of the end 114- of the cylinder 101 whereby the w'allo-f saidcylinder will be rolled with the rim 106 into its position of FIG- URE13.

into the outside surface of the wall of the cylinder 101 g and to becomeinterlocked therewith. Thus, continued mandrel 118 is increasedtominimize breakdown there of. Said minimum thickness may be approximately.010 inch and the distance between the radially'outer termination ofgroove 136 and the upper face .of the base wall 117 is approximately.028 inch. The clamp mandrel 118 is of lesser radius than is the basemandrel 116 by at least the thickness of the cylindrical base portion107. The radius of curvature of the annular groove 136 is less than thatof the annular groove 131 whereby the radially inner edge of the groove136 liesra-dially outdownward movement of the rolling die 1-19 from itsposition .ofuFIGURE 13 will tend to make the end 112,

become even more securely interlocked in the material of the wall of thecylinder 101. As the rolling die 119 reaches'its lowermost position(FIGURE 14), the upper part of the base portion 107 and the edge portion108 are tightly wound around the upper portion ofthe wall of .thecylinder 101 producing compressive forces of wardly of the radiallyinner edge of the groove 131.

' Using for example only and not intending limitati-On a closure member102 having a wall thickness of approximately .015 inch and acylinder'101' having a'wall thickness of approximately .045 inch, arolling'die having a rolling surface radius of approximately .094 inchradius may be used. Satisfactory radii for the grooves 136 and 131 havebeen found to be approximately .078 inch and .090 inch respectively.

Operation of alternate structure Assuming the closure member 102 to beinserted in the" ward movement of the rolling die119 causes the pre-'rolled edge portion 108 and cylindrical base portion 107 of the closuremember 102 to move downwardly there with whereby the bend 138 joiningthe base wall 117 with the base portion 107 movesdownwardly to contactthe surface of the annular groove 131 near the radially outer extremitythereof. Such downward movement also causes the material of the basewall 117 to be bent dOW11-' wardly as shown at 139 at,the radiallyinneredge of the groove 131. The cylinder101 is restrained'from downwardmovement by any convenient, pref-erably resilient, means not shown andtherefore does not move downwardly with the base portion 107. In theirposi tions shown in FIGURE 12, the vertical distance between the bend138 and the top of the prerollededge portion 108 is preferably r 6 inchand the vertical dis-j tively widely from cylinder to cylinder.

. large angular preroll.

considerable magnitude between the contacting faces of said wall andsaidportions and therebyan effective seal therebetween. The incursion ofthe end 112 into the wall of the cylinder 101 adds to the effectivenessof said seal wherebyleakage from the interior of the container iseffectively prevented.

It has been noted in testing this embodiment, that the rolling of a rimhaving an edge portion that is parallel through only a relatively smallangle, such as 90, achieves the desired finished rim construction evenwhen the wall thickness of the container cylinders varies rela- Thus, itis has been found that a rim construction method employing a smallangular preroll is more tolerant of container wall variation than is asimilar-method employing a relatively Though the cause of this elfect isnot yet precisely known it has been hypothesized that the angularlyearlier overcoming. of external and internal starting frictional forcesbetween and within the involved elements produces a more smoothlycontinuous rolling of the rim where a smaller angular preroll isemployed whereby the tolerance to disruptive effects is increased.

It should be noted that the rolling of the rim 106 and the formation ofthe groove 141 although described together'hereinabove for conveniencein description, may if desired be performed separately whereby a rim 106is so 7 formed on a container not including a base wall .having thereina groove 141 or whereby a groove 141 is formed 1 in the base wall of acontainer during the formation of tance between the edge 114 of thecylinder 101 and the 0 top of the edge portion 8 is preferably A3 inch.These .the top of said second container in an essentially interlocked 1fashion wherein relative sliding movement between the adjacent radialfaces of the stacked containers is prevented. A cover capable of nestingin a groove 141 V When the end 112 of the rim 106 reaches its positionOf FIGURE'lS. said end 112 tends to dig may be made with a rolling diesimilar to the die 119 but having a circumference corresponding to thatof the groove 141 whereby the rim of said cover may be inserted intosaid groove.

Alternate structure for container top FIGURES 15 and 16 disclose meansfor completing the rolling of the prerolled bead 148 lying against andinside of a wall on a cylinder 101a near the top edge thereof, said beadbeing integral with a rolled rim not shown which may be similar to therim 106 of FIGURES 11 through 14. The bead 148 may be employed as a restagainst which the rim of a suitable rimmed container cover such asdiscussed hereinabove might rest. The preformed bead 148 preferably hasan outside diameter equal to that of the groove 131a of the die 116awhich is preferably identical with the die 116 (FIGURES 11 through 14).A clamp mandrel 118a, preferably similar to the clamp mandrel 118(FIGURES 11 through 14) is in the closing step preceding the descent ofthe rolling die 119, driven downwardly on the bead 148 whereby to movethe end portion 149 thereof downwardly essentially to its position ofFIGURE 16. Thereafter, a rim such as the rim 106 may be formed on theend of the base portion 107a in the manner hereinabove discussed inconnection with FIGURES 11 through 14.

Thus, it is apparent that the same base mandrel 116, clamp mandrel 118and rolling die 119 may be utilized to form a closure panel on the lowerend of a container as is used to form an integral rim and cover stopbead for the upper end of said container. This forming of both top andbottom units of the container on a single machine will obviouslyfacilitate the assembling of containers under any circumstances but willbe especially useful where such assemblies are short runs of a givensize or are done in the field. Further, the forming of the nesting partsof the top and bottom units in a single set of dies will facilitate theaccurate nesting, and thereby stacking, of successively made containers.

While specific embodiments have been here utilized to illustrate theinvention, it will be recognized that the invention will be applicableto a wide variety of containers and the hereinafter appended claimsshall be so interpreted excepting as their terms may expressly requireotherwise.

What is claimed is: 1. A method of attaching a rim to one end of acylinder, said rim having a cylindrical inner portion, an arcuateintermediate portion extending away from said cylindrical portion and anarcuate end portion which extends from the outer end of saidintermediate portion back toward said cylindrical portion, whichcomprises:

holding said rim and said cylinder in axially nonmovable relationshipwith said cylindrical portion being telescoped within said cylinder,said intermediate portion extending over one end of said cylinder andsaid end portion extending toward the outer wall of said cylinder spacedfrom said end thereof, the portion of said cylinder adjacent said oneend thereof being free of outer restraint so that it can move radiallyoutwardly; providing an annular die having an internal diametersubstantially equal to the internal diameter of said cylindrical portionof said rim, said die having a radially inner edge portion of smallwidth and having a substantially semicircular recess adjacent andencircling said edge portion, the diameter of said semicircular recessbeing substantially greater than the width of said intermediate portionof said rim;

disposing said die over said rim so that the inner edge portion thereofis substantially coaxial with and is sleeveable within said cylindricalportion of said rim and said intermediate portion of said rim isreceivable in said recess;

moving said die axially toward said cylinder so that said inner edgeportion thereof is received within and engages the internal surface ofsaid cylindrical inner portion of said rim and deflects said rimoutwardly, said arcuate intermediate portion of said rim being receivedin said recess and being moved radially outwardly therewithin,continuing to move said die axially while maintaining said portion ofsaid cylinder free of outward restraint to effect deflection of saidcylindrical portion so that successive Zones of the internal wall ofsaid cylindrical portion are continuously brought into engagement withthe wall of said recess and slide therealong and are shaped to closelyconform thereto, the cylindrical portion thereby being deformed to asubstantially semicircular shape, the intermediate portion being bentback toward the cylinder and the end portion being moved through anarcuate path so that it is disposed between the deformed cylindricalportion and the intermediate portion and extends away from the axis ofthe cylinder, the portion of the cylinder also being bent so that itsubstantially completely fills the space within said rim portions. 2. Amethod of attaching a rim to one end of a cylinder, said rim having acylindrical portion and an upwardly and outwardly extending arcuateportion, which comprises:

holding said rim and said cylinder with said cylindrical portion of saidrim being telescoped within said cylinder, said arcuate edge extendingover and away from one end of said cylinder, the wall of said cylinderbeing straight and the portion of said cylinder adjacent said one endthereof being free of outer restraint so that it can be bent radiallyoutwardly;

providing an annular die having an internal diameter substantially equalto the internal diameter of said cylindrical portion of said rim, saiddie having a radially inner edge portion of small width and having asubstantially semicircular recess adjacent to and encircling said edgeportion, the diameter of said semicircular recess being substantiallygreater than the radial width of said arcuate portion of said rim;

disposing said die over said rim so that the inner edge portion thereofis substantially coaxial with and is sleevable within said cylindricalportion of said rim and said arcuate portion of said rim is receivablein said recess;

moving said die axially toward said cylinder so that; said inner edgeportion thereof is received within and engages the internal surface ofsaid cylindrical portion of said rim and deflects said rim and saidportion of said cylinder outwardly, said arcuate portion of said rimbeing received in said recess and being moved radially outwardlytherewithin, continuing to move said die axially while maintaining saidportion of said cylinder free of outward restraint to effect deflectionof said cylindrical portion so that a section of said cylindricalportion slidingly contacts and is shaped to closely conform to the shapeof said recess, the arcuate portion being coiled back toward thecylinder.

3. A method according to claim 2, in which the portion of the cylinderbelow said rim is snugly supported on a cylindrical mandrel so that thewall of said cylinder is held against inward buckling and the annulardie is sleeved upon a clamp which is snugly received within saidcylindrical portion of said rim to prevent inward buckling thereof.

4. The method of claim 2 wherein said cylindrical portion is integralwith and extends essentially perpendicularly from the base wall of abottom closure for said cyl inder, the further steps of supporting saidbase wall upon a radial face of a mandrel snugly located within saidcylinder which mandrel has an annular groove in said radial face at theperimeter thereof; and

utilizing the motion of said die for shaping said rim for forcing theportion of said base wall adjacent said groove thereinto and essentiallyinto conformance a with the shape thereof.

5. The method of claim 2 wherein said cylindrical:

portion is integral withand extends tangentially from a prerolled beadof unclosed,'-slightl y less than circular cross section; V

supporting a first portion of said bead closely c ontirnb' I ous withsaid cylindrical portion in a first annular groove in a radial face-of arnandrelsnugly located within said cylinder, saidefirst annulargroo've'being adjacent the perimeter of said radial face of saidmandrel,

aligning a second portion ofi saidbead opposed to said' References Citedby theExarniner 7 V ,UNITHEDSTATES PATENTS Cross'etaL 4. 229-4.5 Halle93 39.1 Qrossjet a1. 93-391 Magill' 93-39.1

Grov'ei f Horning" 2294.5 Minteer et al'. 229-4.5 Carpenter et al"93-39.1 X Meyer-Jagenberg -93--39.1

Examiner.

2. A METHOD OF ATTACHING A RIM TO ONE END OF A CYLINDER, SAID RIM HAVINGA CYLINDRICAL PORTION AND AN UPWARDLY AND OUTWARDLY EXTENDING ARCUATEPORTION, WHICH COMPRISES: HOLDING SAID RIM AND SAID CYLINDER WITH SAIDCYLINDRICAL PORTION OF SAID RIM BEING TELESCOPED WITHIN SAID CYLINDER,SAID ARCUATE EDGE EXTENDING OVER AND AWAY FROM ONE END OF SAID CYLINDER,THE WALL OF SAID CYLINDER BEING STRAIGHT AND THE PORTION OF SAIDCYLINDER ADJACENT SAID ONE END THEREOF BEING FREE OF OUTER RESTRAINT SOTHAT IT CAN BE BENT RADIALLY OUTWARDLY; PROVIDING AN ANNULAR DIE HAVINGAN INTERNAL DIAMETER SUBSTANTIALLY EQUAL TO THE INTERNAL DIAMETER OFSAID CYLINDRICAL PORTION OF SAID RIM, SAID DIE HAVING A RADIALLY INNEREDGE PORTION OF SMALL WIDTH AND HAVING A SUBSTANTIALLY SEMICIRCULARRECESS ADJACENT TO AND ENCIRCLING SAID EDGE PORTION, THE DIAMETER OFSAID SEMICIRCULAR RECESS BEING SUBSTANTIALLY GREATER THAN THE RADIALWIDTH OF SAID ARCUATE PORTION OF SAID RIM; DISPOSING SAID DIE OVER SAIDRIM SO THAT THE INNER EDGE PORTION THEREOF IS SUBSTANTIALLY COAXIAL WITHAND IS SLEEVABLE WITHIN SAID CYLINDRICAL PORTION OF SAID RIM AND SAIDARCUATE PORTION OF SAID RIM IS RECEIVABLE IN SAID RECESS; MOVING SAIDDIE AXIALLY TOWARD SAID CYLINDER SO THAT SAID INNER EDGE PORTION THEREOFIS RECEIVED WITHIN AND ENGAGES THE INTERNAL SURFACE OF SAID CYLINDRICALPORTION OF SAID RIM AND DEFLECTS SAID RIM AND SAID PORTION OF SAIDCYLINDER OUTWARDLY, SAID ARCUATE PORTION OF SAID RIM BEING RECEIVED INSAID RECESS AND BEING MOVED RADIALLY OUTWARDLY THEREWITHIN, CONTINUINGTO MOVE SAID DIE AXIALLY WHILE MAINTAINING SAID PORTION OF SAID CYLINDERFREE OF OUTWARD RESTRAINT TO EFFECT DEFLECTION OF SAID CYLINDRICALPORTION SO THAT A SECTION OF SAID CYLINDRICAL PORTION SO THAT A SECANDIS SHAPED TO CLOSELY CONFORM TO THE SHAPE OF SAID RECESS, THE ARCUATEPORTION BEING COILED BACK TOWARD THE CYLINDER.